Social Impact Journal

Policy Implementation of Sending Problematic Students to Military Barracks: A Multi-Stakeholder Perspective Analysis in West Java

Aninda Nurfazriah — 2025-10-08

The handling of problematic students in schools has become an important issue in the world of education, especially when the policies taken cause controversy. One policy that has attracted a lot of public attention is sending troubled students to military barracks as a form of character building and discipline. This policy has sparked debate in the community because it involves approaches, educational values, and long-term impacts on the psychological development of students. This research also aims to analyze the implementation of the policy from various perspectives, including local government, school, parents, students and psychology education experts. The method used is qualitative with a case study approach. Data were collected through documentation studies and secondary interview analysis. The results showed that the policy of sending troubled students to military barracks reaped pros and cons, although it received support from several parties because it was considered to form discipline and character, many parties considered the militaristic approach was not in accordance with the principles of humanistic education and had the potential to cause psychological impacts and violations of human rights. This research concludes that in an effort to foster troubled students, the approach should pay attention to the balance between discipline and empathy, and prioritize pedagogical principles and the protection of children's rights. Therefore, a more participatory, evidence-based policy formulation is needed and involves the active role of all parties to create a fair and effective education system in dealing with deviant behavior in the school environment.

Keywords: Education policy, Problem students, Military barracks, Multi-stakeholder perspective, West Java.

Implementation of Non-Cash Food Assistance Policy in Karangmulya Village, Kadungora Sub-District, Garut District

Puji Lestari — 2025-10-08

The implementation of the Non-Cash Food Assistance Program (BPNT) in Karangmulya Village, Kadungora District, Garut Regency, still faces several challenges that hinder its overall effectiveness. One major problem is the lack of coordination between implementing officers and Beneficiary Families (KPM), which leads to an increase in the number of recipients each year without proper verification. Furthermore, some officers do not fully understand their responsibilities in managing the program, resulting in frequent errors in targeting assistance. This study aims to analyze how BPNT is implemented at the village level. This study uses a descriptive qualitative approach with George C. Edward III's implementation theory (in Subarsono, 2011: 90–92) as its analytical tool, focusing on four indicators: communication, resources, disposition, and bureaucratic structure. Data were collected through observation, interviews with relevant stakeholders, and documentation. The findings indicate that implementation in Karangmulya Village is not optimal and remains inconsistent with the established policy objectives. Many residents still do not know how to access or benefit from this program. Therefore, systematic and widespread community outreach is urgently needed. Through consistent outreach and interagency coordination, the village government can gradually improve program understanding, targeting accuracy, and overall service delivery.

Evaluation of Public Policy on Street Children (Case Study of the Bandung City Social Services Agency)

Resa Rosialani — 2025-10-08

This study aims to evaluate the public policy on street children enforcement implemented by the Social Services Department of Bandung City. The issue of street children in Bandung City is a complex social phenomenon that requires serious attention from the Social Services Department. Despite various enforcement efforts, the number of street children remains fluctuating from year to year. The study also identifies the challenges and efforts made in its implementation. This study uses a descriptive qualitative method with a case study approach. Data was collected through in-depth interviews, direct observation, and documentation, using the Miles and Huberman data analysis model, which includes data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. Informants in the study were purposively selected from the Social Services Agency, Satpol PP, and street children as the target group of the policy. Policy evaluation was conducted based on six indicators from William N. Dunn (Dailati, 2018), namely effectiveness, efficiency, adequacy, equity, responsiveness, and accuracy. The results of the study indicate that policy evaluation is not yet fully optimal across all indicators. The obstacles faced include budget constraints, inadequate facilities, lack of coordination between institutions, and minimal involvement of street children's families. Efforts that have been made include outreach, guidance, and cross-sectoral cooperation, but these have not been able to resolve the root of the problem comprehensively. Therefore, a more integrative, sustainable, and child-friendly policy strategy is needed.

Implementation of the Online Administrative Services Application for Population Management (Pasti Oke) in Garut Regency

Ucep Bayu Bastian — 2025-10-08

This study employs a qualitative research method to examine the implementation of the PASTI OKE application at the Population and Civil Registration Office of Garut Regency. The objective of this research is to understand how the PASTI OKE application is implemented at the Population and Civil Registration Office of Garut Regency. This study is motivated by the fact that the majority of the public are unaware that population administration services are now available online. The techniques used to collect data in this study include interviews, documentation, and observation. The data analysis process involves steps such as reducing data, presenting data, and finally drawing conclusions. The number of research informants is three people. The results of the study indicate that one of the factors hindering the implementation of the PASTI OKE application is the community, particularly the elderly and residents with limited access to digital technology. To address this, the Population and Civil Registration Office has assigned two staff members to each sub-district to socialize and assist the community in using population services through the PASTI OKE application.

Evaluation of the Presidential System of Government in Indonesia from a Theoretical and Practical Perspective

Herdi Triana — 2025-10-08

The system of government is the fundamental structure in state administration that determines the direction of power management, the relationship between state institutions, and the form of interaction between the government and the people. Constitutionally, Indonesia adheres to a presidential system of government as stated in the 1945 Constitution. However, in practice, this system has undergone adjustments and influences from the parliamentary system, resulting in a unique and distinctive model of governance. This study aims to analyze the characteristics of the presidential system in Indonesia, evaluate its strengths and weaknesses, and examine the dynamics of transformation and adaptation of the system within the socio-political context of Indonesia. This research uses a descriptive qualitative approach based on literature review by analyzing academic literature, scientific journals, constitutional documents, as well as historical and legislative studies. The findings indicate that Indonesia’s presidential system offers strengths such as executive stability, strong legitimacy from voters, policy consistency, and clear separation of powers. However, it also has weaknesses including the potential for power concentration, difficulty in leadership transition, deadlocks between the executive and legislative branches, and lack of flexibility during crises. In practice, Indonesia's presidential system has undergone hybridization through the adoption of parliamentary elements, especially in the legislative oversight mechanisms over the president. Therefore, the presidential system in Indonesia cannot be understood as a rigid model, but rather as an evolving and adaptive system that aligns with the needs of democracy and national political realities. This study recommends the strengthening of checks and balances mechanisms as well as institutional reforms to ensure a more effective, democratic, and accountable system of governance.

Evaluation of the Implementation of Electronic Parking on Oto Iskandar Dinata Street in Bandung City

Rahmat Kartiwa — 2025-11-05

Terminal Parking Electronic (TPE) is an electronic parking fee payment system designed by computer. Electronic Parking Terminals are usually located on the roadside or certain places. The use of TPE (Electronic Parking Terminal) is expected to improve services to the community, especially in terms of electronic-based parking services. Talking about the tariffs installed, of course this is based on regional regulations. The objectives of the research are 1) to evaluate the implementation of electronic parking on Oto Iskandar Dinata Street, Bandung City; 2) to find out the obstacles that occur so that the electronic parking terminal (TPE) policy is not maximized. The method used in the research is descriptive qualitative approach method In this case, the author wants to describe the evaluation of the implementation of electronic parking in Bandung City (case study of Jalan Oto Iskandar Dinata). With data collection techniques namely observation, interviews, and documentation. The results of this study are 1) the TPE program in Bandung City has been running in accordance with applicable regulations but has not been optimal in other evaluation indicators that have not been met. 2) the existence of inhibiting factors from the implementation of the automatic parking terminal program is public awareness in using TPE which is not in accordance with the objectives of the program that has been launched then inadequate parking facilities, parking payment systems that are not optimal and human resources as levy collectors whose numbers do not appeal to the existing workload

Reaffirming Religious Moderation as a Pillar Against Identity Politics in Indonesia

Ahmad Fazar Maulana — 2025-12-02

In recent years, identity politics has been increasingly used in political contests in Indonesia. Identities such as religion, ethnicity, and race are exploited by political actors to gain support, often in ways that divide society. This raises concerns about the disruption of national unity. In such situations, religious moderation becomes an important approach to maintaining social harmony. Religious moderation emphasizes fairness, balance, tolerance, and respect for diversity. This study aims to examine how religious moderation can be a strategy in dealing with identity politics that has the potential to undermine national unity. The method used is a literature study with a descriptive qualitative approach. Data was obtained from scientific journals, books, and relevant national policy documents from the past 10 years. The results of the study show that although the concept of religious moderation has become part of government policy, its implementation in society still faces many challenges, such as a lack of understanding at the community level and the use of religious issues in politics by the elite. Therefore, strategies to strengthen moderation need to be implemented through inclusive education, the involvement of religious and community leaders, digital campaigns that appeal to the younger generation, and the strengthening of social activities that foster cooperation across groups. With these steps, religious moderation can become a real force in building a peaceful, inclusive, and united Indonesia.

The Role of Social Media in Strengthening Religious Moderation Amidst Digital Politics in Indonesia

Luthfiyah Ramadhani — 2025-12-02

Amidst the rapid development of digital politics, social media has become a discursive space that influences patterns of religious interaction in Indonesia. Platforms such as Instagram, TikTok, and Twitter are not only means of communication, but also battlegrounds for narratives between religious moderation and extremism. This study aims to conduct an in-depth analysis of how social media contributes to strengthening the values of religious moderation through a descriptive qualitative approach using a literature review method. The findings reveal that young people, digital religious figures, and online communities play a crucial role in spreading messages of peace through creative, educational, and contextual content. However, challenges such as low digital literacy, algorithmic echo chambers, and the politicization of religion in digital campaigns remain major obstacles. Therefore, synergy between the government, civil society, and digital platforms is needed to make social media a strategic tool in building an inclusive, tolerant, and sustainable space for religious diversity.

The Role of Social Media in Constructing Religious Moderation Discourse: an Analysis of Tiktok

Dendi Superdi — 2025-12-02

The transformation of religious communication in the digital era has positioned social media as a new space for disseminating religious values. TikTok, as one of the most popular platforms in Indonesia, functions not only as a source of entertainment but also as an arena for contesting religious discourse. This study aims to examine the role of TikTok in shaping the discourse of religious moderation among the younger generation. The method employed is a literature review using a thematic approach, involving analysis of various academic publications from 2020 to 2025 that are relevant to the themes of religious moderation, social media, and digital communication. The findings indicate that several TikTok content creators have successfully represented the values of moderation—such as tawasuth (moderation), tasamuh (tolerance), tawazun (balance), and i’tidal (justice)—through visual storytelling, informal language, and communication strategies that are contextual and adaptive to digital culture. Nevertheless, several challenges remain, such as the dominance of extreme religious narratives, negative audience responses, and limited digital literacy. This study concludes that TikTok holds strategic potential for disseminating messages of moderate and inclusive religiosity, provided that appropriate communication strategies are employed, digital literacy is strengthened, and collaboration is fostered among content creators, communities, and religious institutions through the establishment of a systematic and organized moderation content task force.

Parallel Struggles of Religious Moderation Activists Amid Hindu-Muslim Tensions in India and Political Polarization in Indonesia

M. Azmi Alkhosyi Parinduri Parinduri — 2025-12-02

The phenomenon of religious and political polarization has created serious pressure on religious moderation work, both in India and Indonesia. In India, interfaith activists who strive to maintain harmony between Hindu and Muslim communities often face stigmatization, labeling themselves as "anti-national," and pressure from the politically dominant majority group. Meanwhile, in Indonesia, religious moderation activists also experience high social and psychological burdens, especially after the 2024 election which was colored by identity sentiment and religious-based disinformation. This article attempts to comparatively review the forms of burnout experienced by moderation activists in both countries, and explain the patterns of structural, digital, and cultural pressures that make tolerance work increasingly vulnerable and marginalized. Through a qualitative approach with literature studies, this article shows that the struggle of moderation activists is not only about defending diversity, but also about surviving amidst increasingly extreme identity politics. These findings invite readers to understand that religious moderation requires social protection, policy support, and strengthening of a healthy digital space to prevent systemic fatigue that can endanger democracy itself.

The Paradox of Secularization: The Dynamics of Religious Moderation and Identity Politics in Indonesia

Muhammad Haikal Ramli — 2025-12-02

Indonesia, as the country with the greatest religious diversity in the world, faces complex challenges in balancing secular and religious values in national life. The phenomenon of secularization that has developed in the modern era has not necessarily eliminated the role of religion in the public sphere, but rather created a paradox in which religion continues to exert a strong influence on socio-political dynamics. This study aims to analyze the paradox of secularization in the context of religious moderation and identity politics in Indonesia, as well as why religious moderation policies have not been fully effective in curbing identity politics. This study is a descriptive study with a qualitative approach. Data collection methods were carried out through library research, namely by compiling secondary data from various relevant written sources. Secularization in Indonesia has different characteristics from secularization in the Western world. Identity politics has become a central phenomenon in contemporary democratic dynamics, where religion is often mobilized as a tool for legitimizing power. This situation creates a non-linear form of secularization—not leading to the separation of religion and state, but rather to the consolidation of religious-based political power. The Indonesian government, through the Ministry of Religion, formulated the Moderate Religion Policy in 2019 as a response to the escalating intolerance and polarization of religious identities in the public sphere. The implementation of Religious Moderation still faces various structural challenges that hinder its effectiveness. To strengthen religious moderation, a comprehensive approach is needed that involves political system reform, strengthening digital literacy, and internalizing inclusive values at the community level.

Social Media as a New Space for Moderation Politics and Religious Expression

Meisya Nur Dwi — 2025-12-02

Social media has now become a significant space in the formation of religious discourse and the dissemination of moderate values in Indonesia. This study aims to understand how social media is used as a political space for moderation as well as a means of religious expression by various digital religious actors. Using a qualitative approach, this study combines content analysis and digital discourse studies on various religious content spread across platforms such as YouTube, TikTok, Instagram, Twitter, and Facebook. Data were obtained through a netnography-based digital observation method, including preaching videos, uploads by religious figures, and public discussions in comments or live streaming. The findings show that social media has become an effective channel in conveying moderate, tolerant, and inclusive religious messages, especially through creative communication strategies such as the edutainment approach and redistribution of preaching content in short formats. However, this potential is also accompanied by serious challenges, including digital polarization due to platform algorithms and resistance from conservative groups who reject moderate narratives. Thus, social media can play a role as a strategic tool in supporting Religious Moderation in Indonesia, as long as it is accompanied by cross-actor collaboration and strengthening of the community's digital religious literacy.

Cultural Meanings and Social Functions of Raw Shellfish Consumption in a Coastal Indonesian Community

Cian Ibnu Sina — 2025-10-08

This study aims to uncover the unique coastal culture of the Riau Islands, namely the culture of processed raw shellfish. The habit of consuming processed raw shellfish is certainly familiar to both traditional and modern communities. Raw shellfish consumption is widely found in various places around the world, including Asia; for example, in Japan, there's sashimi; in Europe, specifically in Spain, there's ceviche de calamares; and in Korea, there's sannakji. The approach used in this study is a descriptive qualitative study with a specific case study of the culinary scene in Tanjung Bungsu Village, Resun Pesisir, North Lingga District, Lingga Regency, Riau Islands Province. This small village has inherited a distinctive coastal culture, with fishing as the primary livelihood of the local community in the Riau Islands region. The results of this study found a common practice of consuming raw shellfish made from various types of shellfish, especially clams (Tridacna gigas), mixed with natural spices and prepared traditionally. They call it bekasam, a fermented product made from raw shellfish.

Bekasam as a Pedagogical Medium in Food Processing Education: Educational Outcomes and Social Implications

Mila Abdullah — 2025-10-13

Bekasam is a term for a dish made from raw shellfish mixed with natural spices and herbs. This culinary delicacy is similar to the dekke naniura of the Toba Batak people or the gohu fish, a dish typical of the Ternate people, a dish made from raw tuna mixed with lime, salt, and basil. Consuming this raw fish is very popular in Japan, known as sashimi. It turns out that Indonesian cuisine is no less interesting than Japan's; we also have a culinary tradition of fermented fresh shellfish. The method used was to educate participants not only on preserving this tradition but also on how to develop it into an alternative culinary specialty of the sea or coastal culture. The outcome of this community service activity was that participants understood the value of coastal cultural heritage, which, if not preserved, will be lost over time. The conclusion of this community service activity showed an increase in the participants' knowledge and attitudes toward preserving this alternative culinary specialty as a distinctive part of coastal culture. All participants enthusiastically participated in the series of activities and listened attentively to the material presented.